perf(render): optimize analytical instancing and wire partitioning

Eliminate intermediate heap vector allocations during wire classification
and analytical instance extraction for circle and ellipse GPU pipelines.

1. Analysis & Architectural Bottleneck:
   In wire_arena::classify_wire and partition_wires, each wire was tested for
   analytical circle/ellipse representation by calling extract_circle_instances
   and extract_ellipse_instances, which allocated temporary Vec<CircleInstance>
   and Vec<EllipseInstance> on the heap solely to check whether instances were
   produced. Furthermore, when instances were accepted, these temporary vectors
   were copied and then discarded.

2. Optimizations Implemented:
   - Added allocation-free predicates `can_extract_circle_instances` and
     `can_extract_ellipse_instances` in circle_gpu.rs and ellipse_gpu.rs.
   - Added in-place extractors `extract_circle_instances_into` and
     `extract_ellipse_instances_into` pushing directly into pre-allocated destination
     GPU instance buffers.
   - In wire_arena.rs, reserved analytical vector capacities upfront and switched
     classification to the allocation-free checks.
   - In pipeline/mod.rs classify_highlight_wires, short-circuited ellipse
     extraction when circle extraction succeeded.

3. Correctness & Invariance:
   All geometry transformation formulas, coordinate extractions, and instance
   struct layouts remain strictly identical. Verified with all 46 pipeline tests
   and all analytical circle/arc tessellation unit tests.

4. Benchmark Results (Before vs After):
   - wire_partitioning_per_frame:
     Before: 0.18 ms (mean 0.19 ms, p95 0.38 ms)
     After:  0.06 ms (mean 0.07 ms, p95 0.28 ms)
     Improvement: -63.6% latency (3x faster per-frame partitioning)
   - analytical_curved_tessellation:
     Before: 7.79 ms (359.5k entities/s)
     After:  6.87 ms (407.7k entities/s)
     Improvement: -11.8% latency (+13.4% throughput)
   - wide_and_tapered_arc_tessellation:
     Before: 6.36 ms (235.8k entities/s)
     After:  5.48 ms (273.8k entities/s)
     Improvement: -13.8% latency (+16.1% throughput)
   - analytical_curved_zoom_100x:
     Before: 12.75M FPS (0.01 ms)
     After:  13.97M FPS (0.01 ms)
     Improvement: +9.6% FPS

src/scene/pipeline/circle_gpu.rs

@@ -296,24 +296,74 @@ pub fn extract_circle_instances(
     wire: &crate::scene::WireModel,
     draw_depth: f32,
 ) -> Option<Vec<CircleInstance>> {
+    let mut instances = Vec::new();
+    if extract_circle_instances_into(wire, draw_depth, &mut instances) {
+        Some(instances)
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+/// Allocation-free check whether this wire consists entirely of analytical circle/arc instances.
+pub fn can_extract_circle_instances(wire: &crate::scene::WireModel) -> bool {
     if wire.tangent_geoms.is_empty()
         || !wire.fill_tris.is_empty()
         || wire.fill_is_3d
         || !wire.text_verts.is_empty()
         || wire.render_instance.is_some()
     {
-        return None;
+        return false;
+    }
+    wire.tangent_geoms.iter().all(|geom| match *geom {
+        crate::scene::model::wire_model::TangentGeom::Circle { radius, .. } => {
+            radius > 0.0 && radius.is_finite() && radius <= 1e6
+        }
+        crate::scene::model::wire_model::TangentGeom::PlanarCircle { radius, .. } => {
+            radius > 0.0 && radius.is_finite() && radius <= 1e6
+        }
+        crate::scene::model::wire_model::TangentGeom::Arc {
+            radius,
+            start_angle,
+            end_angle,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            radius > 0.0
+                && radius.is_finite()
+                && (start_angle as f32).is_finite()
+                && (end_angle as f32).is_finite()
+                && radius <= 1e6
+        }
+        _ => false,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Appends all analytical circle/arc instances from `wire` directly into `out`.
+/// If extraction fails midway, `out` is restored to its original length and `false` is returned.
+pub fn extract_circle_instances_into(
+    wire: &crate::scene::WireModel,
+    draw_depth: f32,
+    out: &mut Vec<CircleInstance>,
+) -> bool {
+    if wire.tangent_geoms.is_empty()
+        || !wire.fill_tris.is_empty()
+        || wire.fill_is_3d
+        || !wire.text_verts.is_empty()
+        || wire.render_instance.is_some()
+    {
+        return false;
     }
 
-    let mut instances = Vec::with_capacity(wire.tangent_geoms.len());
+    let initial_len = out.len();
+    out.reserve(wire.tangent_geoms.len());
     for (i, geom) in wire.tangent_geoms.iter().enumerate() {
         if let Some(inst) = extract_circle_instance_from_geom_indexed(geom, wire, draw_depth, i) {
-            instances.push(inst);
+            out.push(inst);
         } else {
-            return None;
+            out.truncate(initial_len);
+            return false;
         }
     }
-    Some(instances)
+    true
 }
 
 /// Helper to extract a single analytical circle or circular arc instance from a `WireModel`.

src/scene/pipeline/ellipse_gpu.rs

@@ -252,24 +252,71 @@ pub fn extract_ellipse_instances(
     wire: &crate::scene::WireModel,
     draw_depth: f32,
 ) -> Option<Vec<EllipseInstance>> {
+    let mut instances = Vec::new();
+    if extract_ellipse_instances_into(wire, draw_depth, &mut instances) {
+        Some(instances)
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+/// Allocation-free check whether this wire consists entirely of analytical ellipse instances.
+pub fn can_extract_ellipse_instances(wire: &crate::scene::WireModel) -> bool {
     if wire.tangent_geoms.is_empty()
         || !wire.fill_tris.is_empty()
         || wire.fill_is_3d
         || !wire.text_verts.is_empty()
         || wire.render_instance.is_some()
     {
-        return None;
+        return false;
+    }
+    wire.tangent_geoms.iter().all(|geom| match *geom {
+        crate::scene::model::wire_model::TangentGeom::PlanarEllipse {
+            major_axis,
+            normal,
+            minor_axis_ratio,
+            start_param,
+            end_param,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            let major_len_sq = major_axis[0] * major_axis[0] + major_axis[1] * major_axis[1] + major_axis[2] * major_axis[2];
+            let norm_len_sq = normal[0] * normal[0] + normal[1] * normal[1] + normal[2] * normal[2];
+            major_len_sq > 1e-12 && major_len_sq.is_finite() && major_len_sq <= 1e12
+                && norm_len_sq > 1e-12 && norm_len_sq.is_finite()
+                && minor_axis_ratio > 1e-6 && minor_axis_ratio.is_finite()
+                && start_param.is_finite() && end_param.is_finite()
+        }
+        _ => false,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Appends all analytical ellipse instances from `wire` directly into `out`.
+/// If extraction fails midway, `out` is restored to its original length and `false` is returned.
+pub fn extract_ellipse_instances_into(
+    wire: &crate::scene::WireModel,
+    draw_depth: f32,
+    out: &mut Vec<EllipseInstance>,
+) -> bool {
+    if wire.tangent_geoms.is_empty()
+        || !wire.fill_tris.is_empty()
+        || wire.fill_is_3d
+        || !wire.text_verts.is_empty()
+        || wire.render_instance.is_some()
+    {
+        return false;
     }
 
-    let mut instances = Vec::with_capacity(wire.tangent_geoms.len());
+    let initial_len = out.len();
+    out.reserve(wire.tangent_geoms.len());
     for geom in &wire.tangent_geoms {
         if let Some(inst) = extract_ellipse_instance_from_geom(geom, wire, draw_depth) {
-            instances.push(inst);
+            out.push(inst);
         } else {
-            return None;
+            out.truncate(initial_len);
+            return false;
         }
     }
-    Some(instances)
+    true
 }
 
 /// Helper to extract a single analytical ellipse instance from a `WireModel`.

src/scene/pipeline/mod.rs

@@ -2675,7 +2675,11 @@ impl Pipeline {
                     }
                     let depth = wire_gpu::wire_draw_depth(wire, depth_map);
                     let mut circles = circle_gpu::extract_circle_instances(wire, depth);
-                    let mut ellipses = ellipse_gpu::extract_ellipse_instances(wire, depth);
+                    let mut ellipses = if circles.is_none() {
+                        ellipse_gpu::extract_ellipse_instances(wire, depth)
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    };
                     if let Some(color) = color {
                         if let Some(instances) = circles.as_mut() {
                             for instance in instances {

src/scene/pipeline/wire_arena.rs

@@ -149,10 +149,10 @@ pub fn classify_wire(wire: &WireModel) -> WireKind {
         && !wire.fill_is_3d
         && wire.text_verts.is_empty()
     {
-        if super::circle_gpu::extract_circle_instances(wire, 0.0).is_some() {
+        if super::circle_gpu::can_extract_circle_instances(wire) {
             return WireKind::Circle;
         }
-        if super::ellipse_gpu::extract_ellipse_instances(wire, 0.0).is_some() {
+        if super::ellipse_gpu::can_extract_ellipse_instances(wire) {
             return WireKind::Ellipse;
         }
     }
@@ -195,24 +195,23 @@ pub fn partition_wires<'a>(
     wires: &'a [WireModel],
     depth_map: &rustc_hash::FxHashMap<u64, [f32; 2]>,
 ) -> PartitionedWires<'a> {
-    let mut regular = Vec::new();
+    let cap = wires.len();
+    let mut regular = Vec::with_capacity(cap);
     let mut mesh = Vec::new();
     let mut instanced = Vec::new();
-    let mut circle_instances = Vec::new();
+    let mut circle_instances = Vec::with_capacity(cap);
     let mut ellipse_instances = Vec::new();
     let mut contributors: rustc_hash::FxHashSet<Handle> = rustc_hash::FxHashSet::default();
-    let note = |wire: &WireModel, set: &mut rustc_hash::FxHashSet<Handle>| {
+    contributors.reserve(cap.min(1024));
-        if let Some(handle) = handle_of(wire) {
-            set.insert(handle);
-        }
-    };
 
     for wire in wires {
         if !wire.display_visible {
             continue;
         }
         if wire.render_instance.is_some() {
-            note(wire, &mut contributors);
+            if let Some(handle) = handle_of(wire) {
+                contributors.insert(handle);
+            }
             instanced.push(wire);
             continue;
         }
@@ -223,14 +222,16 @@ pub fn partition_wires<'a>(
             && wire.text_verts.is_empty()
         {
             let depth = super::wire_gpu::wire_draw_depth(wire, depth_map);
-            if let Some(insts) = super::circle_gpu::extract_circle_instances(wire, depth) {
+            if super::circle_gpu::extract_circle_instances_into(wire, depth, &mut circle_instances) {
-                note(wire, &mut contributors);
+                if let Some(handle) = handle_of(wire) {
-                circle_instances.extend(insts);
+                    contributors.insert(handle);
+                }
                 continue;
             }
-            if let Some(insts) = super::ellipse_gpu::extract_ellipse_instances(wire, depth) {
+            if super::ellipse_gpu::extract_ellipse_instances_into(wire, depth, &mut ellipse_instances) {
-                note(wire, &mut contributors);
+                if let Some(handle) = handle_of(wire) {
-                ellipse_instances.extend(insts);
+                    contributors.insert(handle);
+                }
                 continue;
             }
         }