verification: nonlinear oracle cases and the nonlinear solver's documentation

Theory cases for the nonlinear solver, each frozen as a fixture: uniaxial
stretch of a neo-Hookean block to twice its length (closed form), the
nonlinear patch test on a distorted hex8 mesh, a quarter turn of the same
mesh (objectivity: zero stress), the elastica of a hex20 cantilever at
P L²/(E I) = 1, 2, 5, 10 against Bisshopp–Drucker (0.2–0.5 %), and the
inflation of a thick neo-Hookean tube by a follower pressure against
Rivlin's closed form (0.08 % at the bore). A finite-strain Cook's membrane
is pending its transcribed reference. docs/fem.md describes the
formulation, the material point interface, the follower-pressure choice and
what nonlinear steps refuse; the literature, parity and roadmap pages
follow.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01NmAttHhUZTokgPeEJia8sm

tests/oracle/nl-cook-membrane/README.md

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+# Cook's membrane at finite strain (pending)
+
+Waits for its reference value: the finite-strain Cook's membrane is defined (load, μ, κ) and
+answered in papers we have not transcribed, and no value is entered from memory. FieldCraft
+solves the model today (hybrid hex20 one element thick in plane strain, or plane strain quad8 for
+compressible materials); the case becomes active when the published numbers are copied in with
+their table.

tests/oracle/nl-cook-membrane/expected.json

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+{
+ "title": "Cook's membrane, nearly incompressible neo-Hookean, large load (plane strain)",
+ "kind": "benchmark",
+ "source": "R. D. Cook, Improved two-dimensional finite element, J. Struct. Div. ASCE 100(ST9):1851–1863, 1974 (the tapered panel (0, 0), (48, 44), (48, 60), (0, 44), clamped on x = 0, shear on x = 48); finite-strain versions with a neo-Hookean material are published by J. C. Simo, F. Armero, IJNME 33:1413–1449, 1992; the values to compare with are to be transcribed from the paper",
+ "status": "pending",
+ "requires": "the published finite-strain reference value, transcribed from the paper with its load and material constants",
+ "quantities": [
+  {
+   "id": "vC",
+   "quantity": "vertical displacement of the top corner C (48, 60)",
+   "value": null
+  }
+ ]
+}