Drag manipulators and automatic operation: extrude (two arrows when symmetric), fillet/chamfer, shell and move arrows drag their value with round-step snapping (Alt/Ctrl: free) and the dialog follows; Extrude operation "auto" (engine) and the dialog follow the geometry: into a body cuts (red), out of one joins, free space makes a new body; a manual choice sticks

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01AS5Tn3xieewUSg3uxrMVdL

crates/engine/src/cmd/face.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,21 @@ fn point_triangle_dist(p: Vec3, a: Vec3, b: Vec3, c: Vec3) -> f64 {
     if inside { h.abs() } else { [(a, b), (b, c), (c, a)].iter().map(|(u, v)| p.dist_to_segment(*u, *v)).fold(f64::INFINITY, f64::min) }
 }
 
+/// The outward normal of the planar body face at `p`.
+pub(super) fn face_normal(s: &Session, p: Vec3) -> Option<Vec3> {
+    let (m, f, d) = face_at(s, p)?;
+    let tol = (m.bounds().diagonal() * 1e-3).max(1e-3);
+    if d > tol * 10.0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    m.triangles
+        .iter()
+        .zip(&m.tri_face)
+        .filter(|(_, tf)| **tf == f)
+        .filter_map(|(t, _)| m.tri(t))
+        .find_map(|[a, b, c]| (b - a).cross(c - a).normalized())
+}
+
 /// The body face under a point: (mesh, face index, distance).
 fn face_at(s: &Session, p: Vec3) -> Option<(std::sync::Arc<Mesh>, u32, f64)> {
     let st = s.model.state();

crates/engine/src/cmd/features.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ pub static COMMANDS: &[CommandSpec] = &[
         .at("SOLID", "CREATE")
         .icon("extrude")
         .key("E")
-        .params("distance: expr (or through_all: true); taper?: angle expr; sketch?: id|name (default: active or last sketch); profiles?: all | [index] | [[curve ids]] | [{point:[x,y]}]; face?: [x,y,z] (extrude a planar body face instead of a sketch profile); direction?: positive|negative|symmetric; distance2?; start_offset?; operation?: new|join|cut|intersect; targets?: [body]; name?; body_name?"),
+        .params("distance: expr (or through_all: true); taper?: angle expr; sketch?: id|name (default: active or last sketch); profiles?: all | [index] | [[curve ids]] | [{point:[x,y]}]; face?: [x,y,z] (extrude a planar body face instead of a sketch profile); direction?: positive|negative|symmetric; distance2?; start_offset?; operation?: new|join|cut|intersect|auto (cut into a body, join out of one, else new); targets?: [body]; name?; body_name?"),
     CommandSpec::new("Revolve", "Revolve", revolve)
         .at("SOLID", "CREATE")
         .icon("revolve")
@@ -73,6 +73,63 @@ pub static COMMANDS: &[CommandSpec] = &[
     CommandSpec::new("FusionMoveCommand", "Move/Copy", move_bodies).at("SOLID", "MODIFY").icon("move").key("M").params("bodies: [names]; translate?: [x,y,z] (exprs or numbers); axis?: [x,y,z]; angle?: expr"),
 ];
 
+/// Where an extrude starts and which way is positive: a point inside the (first) profile or
+/// face, and the unit normal.
+fn extrude_base(s: &Session, p: &Value) -> Option<(Vec3, Vec3)> {
+    if let Some(fp) = p.get("face").and_then(vec3) {
+        return Some((fp, super::face::face_normal(s, fp)?));
+    }
+    let sid = feature_sketch(s, p, "Extrude").ok()?;
+    let st = s.model.state();
+    let ss = st.sketch(sid)?;
+    let ps = &ss.profiles;
+    let q = match profiles(p, "Extrude").ok()? {
+        ProfileSel::All => ps.first()?.region.interior_point(),
+        ProfileSel::Indices { indices } => ps.get(*indices.first()?)?.region.interior_point(),
+        ProfileSel::Points { points } => *points.first()?,
+        ProfileSel::Curves { loops } => {
+            let mut want: Vec<&String> = loops.first()?.iter().collect();
+            want.sort();
+            ps.iter()
+                .find(|x| {
+                    let mut have: Vec<&String> = x.outer_curves.iter().collect();
+                    have.sort();
+                    have == want
+                })?
+                .region
+                .interior_point()
+        }
+    };
+    Some((ss.plane.to_world(q), ss.plane.normal()))
+}
+
+/// What `operation: "auto"` means for an extrude with these parameters: `cut` when it goes
+/// into a body, `join` when it grows out of one, `new` otherwise.
+pub fn auto_operation(s: &Session, p: &Value) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    let d = s.doc.eval(&expr(p, "distance")?, Kind::Length).ok()?;
+    let dir = str_(p, "direction").map(str::to_ascii_lowercase);
+    let symmetric = dir.as_deref() == Some("symmetric");
+    let d = if matches!(dir.as_deref(), Some("negative" | "reverse" | "flip")) { -d } else { d };
+    let (base, n) = extrude_base(s, p)?;
+    let st = s.model.state();
+    if st.bodies.is_empty() || !d.is_finite() {
+        return Some("new");
+    }
+    let inside = |q: Vec3| st.bodies.iter().any(|b| b.mesh().contains(q));
+    let eps = (d.abs() * 1e-3).max(1e-3);
+    let sign = if d < 0.0 { -1.0 } else { 1.0 };
+    if symmetric {
+        return Some(if inside(base + n * (d.abs() * 0.5)) || inside(base - n * (d.abs() * 0.5)) { "cut" } else { "new" });
+    }
+    if inside(base + n * (d * 0.5)) {
+        Some("cut")
+    } else if inside(base - n * (eps * sign)) {
+        Some("join")
+    } else {
+        Some("new")
+    }
+}
+
 fn operation(p: &Value, cmd: &str) -> Result<Operation> {
     match str_(p, "operation") {
         None => Ok(Operation::NewBody),
@@ -219,7 +276,10 @@ fn extrude(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
             None => profiles(p, cmd)?,
         },
         extent: Extent { distance, direction, distance2, start_offset, through_all, taper },
-        operation: operation(p, cmd)?,
+        operation: match str_(p, "operation") {
+            Some(o) if o.eq_ignore_ascii_case("auto") => Operation::parse(auto_operation(s, p).unwrap_or("new")).unwrap_or(Operation::NewBody),
+            _ => operation(p, cmd)?,
+        },
         targets: string_list(p, "targets"),
     };
     add_feature(s, p, kind)

crates/engine/src/cmd/mod.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 mod edit;
 mod face;
 mod features;
+pub use features::auto_operation;
 mod file;
 mod inspect;
 mod sketch;

crates/engine/src/lib.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use serde_json::Value;
 use solvecraft_doc::{Document, Model, ModelState};
 use solvecraft_geom::Vec3;
 
-pub use cmd::{CommandInfo, CommandSpec, command_specs, find_command};
+pub use cmd::{CommandInfo, CommandSpec, auto_operation, command_specs, find_command};
 pub use solvecraft_doc as doc;
 pub use solvecraft_geom as geom;
 pub use solvecraft_io as io;

crates/engine/src/tests.rs

@@ -529,6 +529,32 @@ fn preview_of_an_edit() {
     assert!(Arc::ptr_eq(&doc, &s.doc));
 }
 
+/// `operation: "auto"`: into a body cuts, out of a body joins, in free space makes a new body.
+#[test]
+fn extrude_auto_operation() {
+    let mut s = Session::default();
+    run(&mut s, "PrimitiveBox", json!({"length": 40, "width": 30, "height": 20}));
+    // A face pushed in (negative distance) cuts.
+    let p = json!({"face": [20, 15, 20], "distance": -5, "operation": "auto"});
+    assert_eq!(auto_operation(&s, &p), Some("cut"));
+    run(&mut s, "Extrude", p);
+    assert!(rel(volume(&mut s), 40.0 * 30.0 * 15.0) < 1e-6);
+    // Pulled out, it joins.
+    assert_eq!(auto_operation(&s, &json!({"face": [20, 15, 15], "distance": 5})), Some("join"));
+    // A sketch on XY under the box: up goes into it (cut), down grows out of it (join), and a
+    // profile beside the box makes a new body.
+    run(&mut s, "SketchCreate", json!({"plane": "XY"}));
+    run(&mut s, "ShapeRectangleTwoPoint", json!({"p0": [5, 5], "p1": [15, 15]}));
+    run(&mut s, "ShapeRectangleTwoPoint", json!({"p0": [60, 5], "p1": [70, 15]}));
+    run(&mut s, "SketchStop", json!({}));
+    let at = |x: f64, d: f64| json!({"profiles": [{"point": [x, 10]}], "distance": d});
+    assert_eq!(auto_operation(&s, &at(10.0, 8.0)), Some("cut"));
+    assert_eq!(auto_operation(&s, &at(10.0, -8.0)), Some("join"));
+    assert_eq!(auto_operation(&s, &at(65.0, 8.0)), Some("new"));
+    run(&mut s, "Extrude", json!({"profiles": [{"point": [10, 10]}], "distance": 8, "operation": "auto"}));
+    assert!(rel(volume(&mut s), 40.0 * 30.0 * 15.0 - 100.0 * 8.0) < 1e-6);
+}
+
 /// Press Pull: positive pulls a face out, negative pushes it in (a cut), edges get a fillet.
 #[test]
 fn press_pull() {

crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs

@@ -1,42 +1,66 @@
 //! On-canvas command input: while a feature dialog is open, its main value (extrude distance,
-//! fillet radius…) gets a value box in the viewport next to the geometry, with a direction
+//! fillet radius…) gets a value box in the viewport next to the geometry, and an arrow
-//! arrow for extrudes. The box takes the keyboard as soon as the command has its geometry, so
+//! (extrude, fillet, shell, move) that can be dragged: values snap to round steps (hold Alt or
-//! typing a number sets the value at once; Enter applies, Tab moves on, Esc cancels.
+//! Ctrl for a free drag) and the dialog follows. The box takes the keyboard as soon as the
+//! command has its geometry, so typing a number sets the value at once; Enter applies, Tab
+//! moves on, Esc cancels.
 
 use egui::{Color32, Pos2, Stroke, vec2};
 use solvecraft_engine::Sel;
 use solvecraft_engine::doc::expr::Kind as ValueKind;
-use solvecraft_engine::geom::Vec3;
+use solvecraft_engine::geom::{Mesh, Vec3};
 
 use crate::SolveApp;
 use crate::dialogs::{Dialog, Kind};
 use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::viewport::Proj;
 
-/// Where the dialog's geometry is: a base point and, for directional values, the direction a
+/// Where the dialog's geometry is: a base point and, for values that can be dragged, the
-/// positive value points.
+/// direction a growing value points.
 pub fn anchor(app: &SolveApp, d: &Dialog) -> Option<(Vec3, Option<Vec3>)> {
     let st = app.session.model.state();
     let first = d.inputs.first()?.items.first()?;
-    let at = match first {
+    let (at, normal) = match first {
         Sel::Profile { sketch, index } => {
             let ss = st.sketch(*sketch)?;
             let p = ss.profiles.get(*index)?;
             (ss.plane.to_world(p.region.interior_point()), Some(ss.plane.normal()))
         }
         Sel::Face { body, index, point } => (*point, crate::dialogs::planar_face(&app.session, body, *index).map(|(_, n)| n)),
-        Sel::Edge { point, .. } | Sel::Vertex { point, .. } => (*point, None),
+        Sel::Edge { body, index, point } => (*point, st.body(body).and_then(|b| edge_bisector(&b.mesh(), *index, *point))),
+        Sel::Vertex { point, .. } => (*point, None),
         Sel::Body { name } => (st.body(name)?.mesh().bounds().center(), None),
         _ => return None,
     };
-    // Only extrudes point along the normal.
     Some(match d.kind {
-        Kind::Extrude { .. } => at,
+        Kind::Extrude { .. } | Kind::Fillet { .. } => (at, normal),
-        _ => (at.0, None),
+        // Shell thickness grows into the body.
+        Kind::Shell { .. } => (at, normal.map(|n| -n)),
+        Kind::Move { .. } => (at, Some(Vec3::Z)),
+        _ => (at, None),
     })
 }
 
-/// Draw the arrow and the value box (called by the viewport after the model is drawn).
+/// The outward direction between the two faces at an edge (where a fillet's radius arrow
+/// points).
+fn edge_bisector(m: &Mesh, index: usize, p: Vec3) -> Option<Vec3> {
+    let faces = m.edge_faces.get(index)?;
+    let mut sum = Vec3::ZERO;
+    for f in faces {
+        let n = m
+            .triangles
+            .iter()
+            .zip(&m.tri_face)
+            .filter(|(_, tf)| *tf == f)
+            .filter_map(|(t, _)| m.tri(t))
+            .min_by(|a, b| ((a[0] + a[1] + a[2]) / 3.0).dist(p).total_cmp(&((b[0] + b[1] + b[2]) / 3.0).dist(p)))
+            .and_then(|[a, b, c]| (b - a).cross(c - a).normalized())?;
+        sum += n;
+    }
+    sum.normalized()
+}
+
+/// Draw the manipulator and the value box (called by the viewport after the model is drawn).
 pub fn show(app: &mut SolveApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, painter: &egui::Painter, proj: &Proj) {
     let Some(mut d) = app.dialog.take() else { return };
     if let Some((base, dir)) = anchor(app, &d)
@@ -47,6 +71,38 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut SolveApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, painter: &egui::Painter, proj
     app.dialog = Some(d);
 }
 
+/// A round step for dragged values at this zoom (1, 2 or 5 times a power of ten).
+pub fn snap_step(half_height: f64) -> f64 {
+    let raw = (half_height / 40.0).max(1e-4);
+    let p = 10f64.powf(raw.log10().floor());
+    if raw / p < 2.0 {
+        p
+    } else if raw / p < 5.0 {
+        2.0 * p
+    } else {
+        5.0 * p
+    }
+}
+
+/// Parameter along the line `base + dir * t` closest to the view ray through `pos`.
+fn along(proj: &Proj, pos: Pos2, base: Vec3, dir: Vec3) -> Option<f64> {
+    let (o, r) = proj.ray(pos);
+    let w0 = base - o;
+    let (b, d, e) = (dir.dot(r), dir.dot(w0), r.dot(w0));
+    let den = 1.0 - b * b;
+    // Looking straight along the line: nothing to drag.
+    if den.abs() < 1e-6 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some((b * e - d) / den)
+}
+
+fn format_len(v: f64) -> String {
+    let s = format!("{v:.3}");
+    let s = s.trim_end_matches('0').trim_end_matches('.');
+    format!("{} mm", if s == "-0" { "0" } else { s })
+}
+
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 fn draw(app: &SolveApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, painter: &egui::Painter, proj: &Proj, d: &mut Dialog, base: Vec3, bs: Pos2, dir: Option<Vec3>) {
     let t = Tokens::get();
@@ -55,20 +111,45 @@ fn draw(app: &SolveApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, painter: &egui::Painter, proj: &Proj,
         _ => 1.0,
     };
     let symmetric = matches!(d.kind, Kind::Extrude { direction: 2, .. });
+    // Extrudes and moves go either way; radii and thicknesses stay positive.
+    let signed = matches!(d.kind, Kind::Extrude { .. } | Kind::Move { .. });
     let focus = std::mem::take(&mut d.focus);
+    let half_height = app.cam.half_height();
     let Some((label, kind, value)) = d.primary() else { return };
     let len = app.session.doc.eval(value, kind).ok().filter(|v| v.is_finite());
     let mut box_at = bs + vec2(16.0, -30.0);
     if let (Some(n), Some(l)) = (dir, len.filter(|_| kind == ValueKind::Length)) {
         let n = n * sign;
-        let tip = base + n * l;
+        // A short arrow still shows (and can be grabbed) when the value is near zero.
-        let back = if symmetric { base - n * l } else { base };
+        let min = 40.0 * 2.0 * half_height / f64::from(proj.rect.height().max(1.0));
-        if let (Some(ts), Some(b0)) = (proj.to_screen(tip), proj.to_screen(back)) {
+        let shown = if l.abs() < min { min * if l < 0.0 { -1.0 } else { 1.0 } } else { l };
-            arrow(painter, b0, ts, t.manipulator);
+        let tip = base + n * shown;
-            if symmetric && let Some(bt) = proj.to_screen(base - n * l) {
+        if let Some(ts) = proj.to_screen(tip) {
-                arrow(painter, bs, bt, t.manipulator);
+            let handle = egui::Rect::from_center_size(ts, vec2(20.0, 20.0));
+            let r = ui.interact(handle, egui::Id::new("sc_manipulator"), egui::Sense::drag());
+            let hot = r.hovered() || r.dragged();
+            let col = if hot { t.accent } else { t.manipulator };
+            arrow(painter, bs, ts, col);
+            if symmetric && let Some(bt) = proj.to_screen(base - n * shown) {
+                arrow(painter, bs, bt, col);
+            }
+            painter.circle(bs, 3.5, col, Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::WHITE));
+            if hot {
+                painter.circle_stroke(ts, 8.0, Stroke::new(1.5, col));
+                ui.ctx().set_cursor_icon(egui::CursorIcon::Grab);
+            }
+            if r.dragged()
+                && let Some(p) = r.interact_pointer_pos()
+                && let Some(v) = along(proj, p, base, n)
+            {
+                let free = ui.input(|i| i.modifiers.alt || i.modifiers.ctrl || i.modifiers.command);
+                let step = snap_step(half_height);
+                let mut v = if free { v } else { (v / step).round() * step };
+                if !signed {
+                    v = v.max(if free { 1e-3 } else { step });
+                }
+                *value = format_len(v);
             }
-            painter.circle(bs, 3.5, t.manipulator, Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::WHITE));
             box_at = ts + vec2(14.0, -12.0);
         }
     }
@@ -102,3 +183,18 @@ fn arrow(painter: &egui::Painter, a: Pos2, b: Pos2, col: Color32) {
     let head = 11.0f32.min(l * 0.6);
     painter.add(egui::Shape::convex_polygon(vec![b, b - u * head + n * head * 0.45, b - u * head - n * head * 0.45], col, Stroke::NONE));
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snapping_steps_and_formatting() {
+        assert_eq!(snap_step(40.0), 1.0);
+        assert_eq!(snap_step(100.0), 2.0);
+        assert_eq!(snap_step(4.0), 0.1);
+        assert_eq!(format_len(12.0), "12 mm");
+        assert_eq!(format_len(-2.5), "-2.5 mm");
+        assert_eq!(format_len(-0.0001), "0 mm");
+    }
+}

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs.rs

@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ pub enum Kind {
         distance: String,
         direction: usize,
         operation: usize,
+        /// The operation follows the geometry (into a body: cut, out of one: join, else new)
+        /// until the user picks one.
+        auto_op: bool,
     },
     Revolve {
         angle: String,
@@ -133,7 +136,7 @@ impl Dialog {
         let mut d = match id {
             "SketchCreate" => Dialog::new(Kind::Sketch, vec![SelInput::new("Plane", PLANES | PLANAR_FACES, false)]),
             "Extrude" => Dialog::new(
-                Kind::Extrude { distance: "10 mm".into(), direction: 0, operation: usize::from(has_bodies) },
+                Kind::Extrude { distance: "10 mm".into(), direction: 0, operation: usize::from(has_bodies), auto_op: true },
                 vec![SelInput::new("Profiles", PROFILES | PLANAR_FACES, true)],
             ),
             "Revolve" => Dialog::new(
@@ -487,10 +490,28 @@ const DIALOG_MAX_W: f32 = 380.0;
 /// Width of value fields and choice boxes in a dialog.
 const FIELD_W: f32 = 140.0;
 
+/// Keep an automatic extrude operation in step with the geometry.
+fn auto_operation(app: &SolveApp, d: &mut Dialog) {
+    if !matches!(d.kind, Kind::Extrude { auto_op: true, .. }) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let Some(op) =
+        dialog_commands(app, d).ok().and_then(|c| c.into_iter().next()).and_then(|(_, p)| solvecraft_engine::auto_operation(&app.session, &p))
+    else {
+        return;
+    };
+    if let Kind::Extrude { operation, .. } = &mut d.kind
+        && let Some(i) = OPS.iter().position(|o| *o == op)
+    {
+        *operation = i;
+    }
+}
+
 /// Show the active dialog (if any), docked flush to the right edge of the viewport just below
 /// the view cube, sized to its content.
 pub fn show(app: &mut SolveApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     let Some(mut d) = app.dialog.take() else { return };
+    auto_operation(app, &mut d);
     let t = Tokens::get();
     let vp = app.viewport.rect.unwrap_or_else(|| ctx.content_rect());
     let anchor = egui::pos2(vp.right(), vp.top() + crate::viewport::VIEW_CUBE_CLEARANCE);
@@ -526,7 +547,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut SolveApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                 input_rows(&mut d, ui);
                 match &mut d.kind {
                     Kind::Sketch => {}
-                    Kind::Extrude { distance, direction, operation } => {
+                    Kind::Extrude { distance, direction, operation, auto_op } => {
                         ui.label("Direction");
                         combo(ui, "ex_dir", &DIR_LABELS, direction);
                         ui.end_row();
@@ -534,7 +555,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut SolveApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                         enter |= field(ui, distance);
                         ui.end_row();
                         ui.label("Operation");
+                        let before = *operation;
                         combo(ui, "ex_op", &OP_LABELS, operation);
+                        // A choice made by hand sticks.
+                        if *operation != before {
+                            *auto_op = false;
+                        }
                         ui.end_row();
                     }
                     Kind::Revolve { angle, operation } => {
@@ -838,7 +864,7 @@ fn dialog_commands(app: &SolveApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Vec<(String, Value)>, S
         sels(d, i).iter().filter_map(|x| if let Sel::Face { point, .. } = x { Some(pt(*point)) } else { None }).collect()
     };
     let (cmd, params): (&str, Value) = match &d.kind {
-        Kind::Extrude { distance, direction, operation } => {
+        Kind::Extrude { distance, direction, operation, .. } => {
             need(0, "profiles or a planar face")?;
             let common = json!({"distance": distance, "direction": DIRS.get(*direction).copied().unwrap_or("positive"), "operation": OPS.get(*operation).copied().unwrap_or("new")});
             let with = |extra: Value| -> Value {
@@ -1092,6 +1118,7 @@ pub fn for_feature(app: &SolveApp, id: u64, marker: Option<usize>) -> Option<Dia
                     Direction::Symmetric => 2,
                 },
                 operation: op_index(operation),
+                auto_op: false,
             };
             let items = st.sketch(*sketch).map(|ss| profile_indices(ss, profiles)).unwrap_or_default();
             if let Some(inp) = d.inputs.first_mut() {