Lasse Lian
6df69e9def
Thin Extrude builds walls of a set thickness along sketch curves, open chains and closed loops, with the wall centred, inside, outside or on both sides at two thicknesses. Saved under format 20 (thin on an Extrude); an extrude without thin saves as before. Closes #721.
159 lines
7.0 KiB
Rust
159 lines
7.0 KiB
Rust
//! Thin walls against areas worked out by hand: a wall along a chain covers its length times
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//! the thickness, less what corners overlap and plus what mitres add.
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use std::f64::consts::PI;
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use solidcraft_geom::{Seg2, Vec2};
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use crate::thin_wall_regions;
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fn line(a: [f64; 2], b: [f64; 2]) -> Vec<Seg2> {
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vec![Seg2::Line { a: Vec2::new(a[0], a[1]), b: Vec2::new(b[0], b[1]) }]
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}
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fn area(curves: &[Vec<Seg2>], inside: f64, outside: f64) -> f64 {
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let regions = thin_wall_regions(curves, inside, outside).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("wall: {e}"));
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regions.iter().map(|r| r.area()).sum()
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}
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fn close(a: f64, b: f64) {
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assert!((a - b).abs() < 1e-6 * (1.0 + b.abs()), "{a} != {b}");
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}
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/// A 40 × 20 rectangle, its sides listed in any order and drawn either way.
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fn rectangle() -> Vec<Vec<Seg2>> {
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vec![line([0.0, 0.0], [40.0, 0.0]), line([40.0, 20.0], [0.0, 20.0]), line([40.0, 0.0], [40.0, 20.0]), line([0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 20.0])]
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}
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#[test]
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fn a_rectangle_makes_a_ring_on_either_side_or_centred() {
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let regions = thin_wall_regions(&rectangle(), 1.0, 1.0).unwrap();
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assert_eq!(regions.len(), 1);
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assert_eq!(regions[0].holes.len(), 1);
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// The mitred corners keep straight sides: four lines outside, four inside.
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assert_eq!(regions[0].outer.segs.len(), 4);
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assert_eq!(regions[0].holes[0].segs.len(), 4);
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close(area(&rectangle(), 1.0, 1.0), 42.0 * 22.0 - 38.0 * 18.0);
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close(area(&rectangle(), 2.0, 0.0), 40.0 * 20.0 - 36.0 * 16.0);
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close(area(&rectangle(), 0.0, 2.0), 44.0 * 24.0 - 40.0 * 20.0);
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close(area(&rectangle(), 0.5, 1.5), 43.0 * 23.0 - 39.0 * 19.0);
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}
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#[test]
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fn an_open_corner_has_its_inside_where_it_bends() {
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// (0,0) → (10,0) → (10,10) turns left: the inside is toward the triangle it closes.
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let l = vec![line([0.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0]), line([10.0, 10.0], [10.0, 0.0])];
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close(area(&l, 1.0, 1.0), 40.0);
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close(area(&l, 2.0, 0.0), 20.0 + 20.0 - 4.0);
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close(area(&l, 0.0, 2.0), 20.0 + 20.0 + 4.0);
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let inside = thin_wall_regions(&l, 2.0, 0.0).unwrap();
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assert!(inside[0].contains(Vec2::new(5.0, 1.0)) && !inside[0].contains(Vec2::new(5.0, -1.0)));
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}
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#[test]
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fn a_straight_wall_takes_its_side_from_the_drawn_direction() {
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let up = thin_wall_regions(&[line([0.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0])], 2.0, 0.0).unwrap();
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assert!(up[0].contains(Vec2::new(5.0, 1.0)));
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let down = thin_wall_regions(&[line([10.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0])], 2.0, 0.0).unwrap();
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assert!(down[0].contains(Vec2::new(5.0, -1.0)));
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close(area(&[line([0.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0])], 1.5, 0.5), 20.0);
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}
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#[test]
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fn a_circle_makes_an_exact_ring() {
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let circle = solidcraft_geom::Loop2::circle(Vec2::new(3.0, 4.0), 10.0).segs;
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let regions = thin_wall_regions(std::slice::from_ref(&circle), 1.0, 1.0).unwrap();
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assert_eq!(regions.len(), 1);
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assert_eq!(regions[0].holes.len(), 1);
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assert!(regions[0].outer.segs.iter().chain(®ions[0].holes[0].segs).all(|s| matches!(s, Seg2::Arc { .. })));
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close(area(std::slice::from_ref(&circle), 1.0, 1.0), PI * (11.0f64.powi(2) - 9.0f64.powi(2)));
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close(area(std::slice::from_ref(&circle), 3.0, 0.0), PI * (100.0 - 49.0));
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// A clockwise circle still has its inside inside.
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let cw: Vec<Seg2> = circle.iter().rev().map(Seg2::reversed).collect();
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close(area(&[cw], 3.0, 0.0), PI * (100.0 - 49.0));
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}
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#[test]
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fn walls_that_cross_or_meet_are_one_region() {
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// Two lines crossing, and four meeting at a point: a plus of four 10 mm arms either way.
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let crossing = vec![line([-10.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0]), line([0.0, -10.0], [0.0, 10.0])];
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let meeting: Vec<Vec<Seg2>> = [[10.0, 0.0], [0.0, 10.0], [-10.0, 0.0], [0.0, -10.0]].iter().map(|p| line([0.0, 0.0], *p)).collect();
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for curves in [crossing, meeting] {
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let regions = thin_wall_regions(&curves, 1.0, 1.0).unwrap();
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assert_eq!(regions.len(), 1);
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close(regions[0].area(), 4.0 * 10.0 * 2.0 - 4.0);
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}
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// A ring with a bar across it.
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let mut ring = vec![solidcraft_geom::Loop2::circle(Vec2::ZERO, 10.0).segs];
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ring.push(line([-10.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0]));
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let regions = thin_wall_regions(&ring, 1.0, 1.0).unwrap();
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assert_eq!(regions.len(), 1);
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assert_eq!(regions[0].holes.len(), 2);
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}
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#[test]
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fn separate_walls_stay_separate() {
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let regions = thin_wall_regions(&[line([0.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0]), line([0.0, 5.0], [10.0, 5.0])], 1.0, 1.0).unwrap();
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assert_eq!(regions.len(), 2);
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}
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#[test]
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fn a_spline_wall_is_its_length_times_its_thickness() {
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// A gentle cubic; its wall's area is its length times the thickness (a centred wall's
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// sides are as much longer on one side as shorter on the other).
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let s = Seg2::Cubic { p0: Vec2::new(0.0, 0.0), p1: Vec2::new(10.0, 8.0), p2: Vec2::new(20.0, -8.0), p3: Vec2::new(30.0, 0.0) };
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// Within the fit's 1e-4 mm along both sides.
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let a = area(&[vec![s]], 0.5, 0.5);
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assert!((a - s.length()).abs() < 2.0 * s.length() * 1e-4, "{a} vs {}", s.length());
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let regions = thin_wall_regions(&[vec![s]], 0.5, 0.5).unwrap();
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for q in [0.25, 0.5, 0.75] {
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let p = s.point_at(q);
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let n = s.derivative(q).normalized().unwrap().perp();
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assert!(regions[0].contains(p + n * 0.4) && regions[0].contains(p - n * 0.4));
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assert!(!regions[0].contains(p + n * 0.6) && !regions[0].contains(p - n * 0.6));
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}
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}
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#[test]
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fn walls_thicker_than_a_curve_bends_or_without_thickness_are_refused() {
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let arc = vec![Seg2::Arc { center: Vec2::ZERO, radius: 2.0, start: 0.0, sweep: PI }];
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assert!(thin_wall_regions(std::slice::from_ref(&arc), 3.0, 0.0).is_err());
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assert!(thin_wall_regions(&[arc], 0.0, 3.0).is_ok());
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let l = [line([0.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0])];
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for (a, b) in [(0.0, 0.0), (-1.0, 2.0), (f64::NAN, 1.0), (1.0, f64::INFINITY)] {
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assert!(thin_wall_regions(&l, a, b).is_err());
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}
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assert!(thin_wall_regions(&[], 1.0, 1.0).is_err());
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assert!(thin_wall_regions(&[line([f64::NAN, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0])], 1.0, 1.0).is_err());
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}
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/// The edges of an `n` × `n` grid of hexagons of side `a` (pointy top), each edge once.
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fn honeycomb(n: usize, a: f64) -> Vec<Vec<Seg2>> {
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let key = |p: Vec2| ((p.x * 1e6).round() as i64, (p.y * 1e6).round() as i64);
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let mut seen = std::collections::BTreeSet::new();
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let mut out = Vec::new();
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let w = a * 3f64.sqrt();
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for i in 0..n {
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for j in 0..n {
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let c = Vec2::new(i as f64 * w + if j % 2 == 1 { w / 2.0 } else { 0.0 }, j as f64 * 1.5 * a);
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let corners: Vec<Vec2> = (0..6).map(|k| c + Vec2::from_angle(PI / 6.0 + k as f64 * PI / 3.0) * a).collect();
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for k in 0..6 {
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let (p, q) = (corners[k], corners[(k + 1) % 6]);
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let edge = if key(p) < key(q) { (key(p), key(q)) } else { (key(q), key(p)) };
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if seen.insert(edge) {
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out.push(vec![Seg2::Line { a: p, b: q }]);
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}
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}
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}
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}
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out
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}
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#[test]
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fn a_honeycomb_is_one_region_with_a_hole_per_cell() {
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let cells = honeycomb(4, 5.0);
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let regions = thin_wall_regions(&cells, 0.4, 0.4).unwrap();
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assert_eq!(regions.len(), 1);
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assert_eq!(regions[0].holes.len(), 16);
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}
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