Complete EXTRUDE behavior and properties

Cargo.lock

@@ -878,7 +878,7 @@ checksum = "fc652a48c352aef3ea3aed32080501cf3ef6ed5da78602a020c991775b0aff04"
 [[package]]
 name = "cadkernel"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/HakanSeven12/cadkernel.git?rev=a809cb32cc6d90fd0e9c4199c3b4977cd56b7fa8#a809cb32cc6d90fd0e9c4199c3b4977cd56b7fa8"
+source = "git+https://github.com/HakanSeven12/cadkernel.git?rev=1ad942cc34b592917ca5fff9936afb902109a29d#1ad942cc34b592917ca5fff9936afb902109a29d"
 dependencies = [
  "acadrust",
  "cavalier_contours",

Cargo.toml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ rfd = "0.17"
 clap = { version = "4", features = ["derive"] }
 env_logger = "0.11"
 acadrust = { git = "https://github.com/HakanSeven12/cadcodec.git", rev = "a0f7d444f1607bc4b2c881060cbe7ea1014253cb", features = ["serde"] }
-cadkernel = { git = "https://github.com/HakanSeven12/cadkernel.git", rev = "a809cb32cc6d90fd0e9c4199c3b4977cd56b7fa8", features = ["acis", "offset"] }
+cadkernel = { git = "https://github.com/HakanSeven12/cadkernel.git", rev = "1ad942cc34b592917ca5fff9936afb902109a29d", features = ["acis", "offset"] }
 dwg-thumbnailer = { path = "crates/dwg-thumbnailer" }
 flate2 = "1"
 image = { version = "0.25", default-features = false, features = ["png", "jpeg", "bmp", "tiff"] }

src/app/command_driver.rs

@@ -3454,42 +3454,172 @@ impl OpenCADStudio {
                 }
             }
             // ── EXTRUDE ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-            CmdResult::ExtrudeEntity {
-                handle,
-                height,
+            CmdResult::ExtrudeEntities {
+                handles,
+                extent,
+                mode,
+                taper_angle,
                 color: _,
             } => {
-                if self.reject_locked_edit(i, handle) {
+                let delete_sources = self.tabs[i].scene.document.header.delete_objects;
+                if handles.is_empty()
+                    || handles
+                        .iter()
+                        .any(|handle| self.reject_locked_edit(i, *handle))
+                {
                     self.tabs[i].active_cmd = None;
                     return Task::none();
                 }
-                use crate::modules::insert::solid3d_cmds::empty_solid3d;
+                use crate::command::{ExtrudeExtent, ExtrudeMode};
+                use crate::modules::insert::solid3d_cmds::{
+                    empty_extruded_surface, empty_solid3d,
+                };
                 use crate::scene::model::sweep_model;
-
-                let entity_opt = self.tabs[i].scene.document.get_entity(handle).cloned();
-                if let Some(entity) = entity_opt {
-                    if let Some(solid) = sweep_model::extruded(&entity, height) {
-                        let history = crate::scene::model::solid_history::brep_op(&solid);
-                        let pending = self.begin_undo(i, "EXTRUDE", 1, true);
-                        let created = self.add_solid_model(empty_solid3d(), solid, history);
-                        if !created.is_null() {
-                            self.tabs[i].dirty = true;
-                            self.command_line
-                                .push_output(crate::t!("EXTRUDE: solid created.").as_ref());
-                            if let Some(pd) = pending {
-                                self.commit_undo_delta(i, pd);
-                            }
+                let path = match extent {
+                    ExtrudeExtent::Path(handle) => {
+                        if delete_sources && self.reject_locked_edit(i, handle) {
+                            self.tabs[i].active_cmd = None;
+                            return Task::none();
                         }
+                        self.tabs[i].scene.document.get_entity(handle).cloned().map(|entity| (handle, entity))
+                    }
+                    _ => None,
+                };
+                if matches!(extent, ExtrudeExtent::Path(_)) && path.is_none() {
+                    self.command_line
+                        .push_error(crate::t!("EXTRUDE: path entity not found.").as_ref());
+                    self.tabs[i].active_cmd = None;
+                    return Task::none();
+                }
+                let pending = self.begin_undo(i, "EXTRUDE", handles.len(), true);
+                let mut created_handles = Vec::new();
+                let mut consumed = Vec::new();
+                let mut failed = 0usize;
+                for handle in &handles {
+                    let Some(entity) = self.tabs[i].scene.document.get_entity(*handle).cloned() else {
+                        failed += 1;
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    let Some((profile, closed)) = sweep_model::extrusion_profile_of(&entity) else {
+                        failed += 1;
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    let direction = match extent {
+                        ExtrudeExtent::Height(height) => profile.plane.normal().map(|normal| {
+                            glam::DVec3::new(
+                                normal[0] * height,
+                                normal[1] * height,
+                                normal[2] * height,
+                            )
+                        }),
+                        ExtrudeExtent::Direction(direction) => Some(direction),
+                        ExtrudeExtent::Path(_) => None,
+                    };
+                    let path_direction = path.as_ref().and_then(|(_, path)| {
+                        crate::entities::curve::entity_curve(path).and_then(|curve| {
+                            let cadkernel::geom2d::Curve::Line(line) = curve.curve else {
+                                return None;
+                            };
+                            let start = glam::DVec3::from_array(curve.plane.point_at(line.start));
+                            let end = glam::DVec3::from_array(curve.plane.point_at(line.end));
+                            Some(end - start)
+                        })
+                    });
+                    // The creation mode controls closed profiles. Open curves
+                    // always create sheet surfaces.
+                    let creates_surface = matches!(mode, ExtrudeMode::Surface) || !closed;
+                    let body = match (creates_surface, &path, direction) {
+                        (false, Some((_, path)), _) if taper_angle.abs() <= 1e-12 => {
+                            sweep_model::extruded_along_path(&entity, path)
+                        }
+                        (false, None, Some(direction)) => {
+                            sweep_model::extruded_direction(
+                                &entity,
+                                direction.to_array(),
+                                taper_angle,
+                            )
+                        }
+                        (true, None, Some(direction)) => {
+                            sweep_model::extruded_surface(
+                                &entity,
+                                direction.to_array(),
+                                taper_angle,
+                            )
+                        }
+                        (true, Some(_), _) => path_direction.and_then(|direction| {
+                            sweep_model::extruded_surface(&entity, direction.to_array(), 0.0)
+                        }),
+                        _ => None,
+                    };
+                    let Some(body) = body else {
+                        failed += 1;
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    let created = if creates_surface {
+                        let direction = direction
+                            .or(path_direction)
+                            .unwrap_or(glam::DVec3::ZERO);
+                        self.add_surface_model(
+                            empty_extruded_surface(direction, taper_angle),
+                            body,
+                        )
                     } else {
-                        self.command_line.push_error(crate::t!("EXTRUDE: could not build profile. Select a closed 2D entity (Circle, LwPolyline, etc.).").as_ref());
+                            let direction = direction.unwrap_or(glam::DVec3::ZERO);
+                            let history = sweep_model::extrusion_history(
+                                &entity,
+                                path.as_ref().map(|(_, entity)| entity),
+                                direction.to_array(),
+                                taper_angle,
+                                profile.plane.origin,
+                            )
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|| crate::scene::model::solid_history::brep_op(&body));
+                            self.add_solid_model(empty_solid3d(), body, history)
+                    };
+                    if created.is_null() {
+                        failed += 1;
+                    } else {
+                        created_handles.push(created);
+                        if delete_sources {
+                            consumed.push(*handle);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if delete_sources && !created_handles.is_empty() {
+                    if let Some((path_handle, _)) = path {
+                        consumed.push(path_handle);
+                    }
+                    consumed.sort_unstable_by_key(|handle| handle.value());
+                    consumed.dedup();
+                    self.tabs[i].scene.erase_entities(&consumed);
+                }
+                if !created_handles.is_empty() {
+                    self.tabs[i].scene.deselect_all();
+                    for handle in &created_handles {
+                        self.tabs[i].scene.select_entity(*handle, true);
+                    }
+                    self.tabs[i].dirty = true;
+                    self.command_line.push_output(
+                        crate::tf!(
+                            "EXTRUDE: created %{created} object(s); %{failed} source(s) could not be extruded.",
+                            created = created_handles.len(),
+                            failed = failed
+                        )
+                        .as_ref(),
+                    );
+                    if let Some(pending) = pending {
+                        self.commit_undo_delta(i, pending);
                     }
                 } else {
-                    self.command_line.push_error(crate::t!("EXTRUDE: entity not found.").as_ref());
+                    self.command_line.push_error(crate::t!("EXTRUDE: no selected object could be extruded with the requested options.").as_ref());
+                    if let Some(pending) = pending {
+                        self.commit_undo_delta(i, pending);
+                    }
                 }
                 self.tabs[i].active_cmd = None;
                 self.tabs[i].snap_result = None;
                 self.tabs[i].scene.clear_preview_wire();
                 self.restore_pre_cmd_tangent();
+                self.refresh_properties();
             }
 
             CmdResult::PresspullEntity {

src/app/commands/display.rs

@@ -736,21 +736,27 @@ impl OpenCADStudio {
             // ── EXTRUDE ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
             "EXTRUDE" | "THICKEN" => {
                 use crate::modules::insert::solid3d_cmds::ExtrudeCommand;
-                // If a single entity is already selected, skip the pick step.
+                // A preselection becomes the complete source set; otherwise
+                // the interactive command gathers any number of profiles.
                 let selected: Vec<_> = self.tabs[i].scene.selected_entities().into_iter().collect();
                 let color = self.tabs[i].scene.layer_color(&self.tabs[i].active_layer);
-                if selected.len() == 1 {
-                    let handle = selected[0].0;
+                if !selected.is_empty() {
                     let mut cmd = ExtrudeCommand::new_named(cmd, color);
-                    if let Some(curve) = crate::entities::curve::entity_curve(selected[0].1) {
-                        cmd.set_entity_pick_direction(
-                            curve.plane.normal().map(glam::DVec3::from_array),
-                        );
-                        cmd.on_entity_pick(
-                            handle,
-                            glam::DVec3::from_array(curve.plane.origin),
-                        );
-                    }
+                    let first_curve = selected
+                        .iter()
+                        .find_map(|(_, entity)| crate::entities::curve::entity_curve(entity));
+                    let anchor = first_curve
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .map(|curve| glam::DVec3::from_array(curve.plane.origin))
+                        .unwrap_or(glam::DVec3::ZERO);
+                    let direction = first_curve
+                        .and_then(|curve| curve.plane.normal())
+                        .map(glam::DVec3::from_array);
+                    cmd.set_preselection(
+                        selected.iter().map(|(handle, _)| *handle).collect(),
+                        anchor,
+                        direction,
+                    );
                     self.command_line.push_info(&cmd.prompt());
                     self.tabs[i].active_cmd = Some(Box::new(cmd));
                 } else {

src/app/mod.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ pub use automation::{export_headless, serve};
 mod command_driver;
 pub(crate) mod commands;
 mod document;
-mod expr_eval;
+pub(crate) mod expr_eval;
 mod find_replace;
 pub(crate) mod helpers;
 mod history;

src/app/model_ops.rs

@@ -40,6 +40,33 @@ impl super::OpenCADStudio {
         handle
     }
 
+    /// Add an open sheet body as a persistent Surface entity and register its
+    /// exact B-rep for shaded and wireframe display.
+    pub(super) fn add_surface_model(
+        &mut self,
+        mut entity: EntityType,
+        surface: Body,
+    ) -> Handle {
+        let i = self.active_tab;
+        let EntityType::Surface(inner) = &mut entity else {
+            return Handle::NULL;
+        };
+        inner.common.plotstyle_flags = 2;
+        inner.wires = solid_model::edge_wires(&surface);
+        let Some(document) = crate::scene::convert::acis_export::solid_to_sat(&surface)
+        else {
+            self.command_line
+                .push_error(crate::t!("The surface could not be encoded as ACIS.").as_ref());
+            return Handle::NULL;
+        };
+        inner.acis_data = acadrust::entities::AcisData::from_sat(&document.to_sat_string());
+        let Some(handle) = self.commit_entity_handle(entity) else {
+            return Handle::NULL;
+        };
+        self.tabs[i].scene.register_solid_model(handle, surface);
+        handle
+    }
+
     fn selected_solid_handles(&mut self) -> Vec<Handle> {
         let i = self.active_tab;
         let mut handles: Vec<Handle> = self.tabs[i]

src/command.rs

@@ -1129,6 +1129,19 @@ impl CadCommand for TCountCommand {
 }
 // ── Result token ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ExtrudeMode {
+    Solid,
+    Surface,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub enum ExtrudeExtent {
+    Height(f64),
+    Direction(DVec3),
+    Path(Handle),
+}
+
 /// Returned by every `CadCommand` method to tell main.rs what to do.
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 pub enum CmdResult {
@@ -1408,10 +1421,12 @@ pub enum CmdResult {
         /// Translation vector applied once to every selected point.
         delta: DVec3,
     },
-    /// Extrude the profile entity `handle` along its plane normal.
-    ExtrudeEntity {
-        handle: Handle,
-        height: f64,
+    /// Extrude one or more profiles with the requested construction mode.
+    ExtrudeEntities {
+        handles: Vec<Handle>,
+        extent: ExtrudeExtent,
+        mode: ExtrudeMode,
+        taper_angle: f64,
         color: [f32; 4],
     },
     /// Pull a closed profile or a planar solid face by a signed distance.

src/modules/insert/solid3d_cmds.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 use acadrust::{entities::Solid3D, EntityType};
 use glam::DVec3;
 
-use crate::command::{CadCommand, CmdResult};
+use crate::command::{CadCommand, CmdOption, CmdResult, ExtrudeExtent, ExtrudeMode};
 use crate::t;
 
 // ── EXTRUDE command ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -11,16 +11,25 @@ use crate::t;
 pub struct ExtrudeCommand {
     command_name: &'static str,
     step: ExtrudeStep,
-    pub target_handle: acadrust::Handle,
+    handles: Vec<acadrust::Handle>,
     anchor: DVec3,
-    direction: Option<DVec3>,
+    profile_direction: Option<DVec3>,
+    direction_start: Option<DVec3>,
+    mode: ExtrudeMode,
+    taper_angle: f64,
     color: [f32; 4],
 }
 
-#[derive(PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
 enum ExtrudeStep {
     Pick,
+    Mode,
     Height,
+    DirectionStart,
+    DirectionEnd,
+    Path,
+    Taper,
+    Expression,
 }
 
 impl ExtrudeCommand {
@@ -31,12 +40,39 @@ impl ExtrudeCommand {
                 _ => "EXTRUDE",
             },
             step: ExtrudeStep::Pick,
-            target_handle: acadrust::Handle::NULL,
+            handles: Vec::new(),
             anchor: DVec3::ZERO,
-            direction: None,
+            profile_direction: None,
+            direction_start: None,
+            mode: ExtrudeMode::Solid,
+            taper_angle: 0.0,
             color,
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn set_preselection(
+        &mut self,
+        handles: Vec<acadrust::Handle>,
+        anchor: DVec3,
+        direction: Option<DVec3>,
+    ) {
+        self.handles = handles;
+        self.anchor = anchor;
+        self.profile_direction = direction.and_then(DVec3::try_normalize);
+        if !self.handles.is_empty() {
+            self.step = ExtrudeStep::Height;
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn finish(&self, extent: ExtrudeExtent) -> CmdResult {
+        CmdResult::ExtrudeEntities {
+            handles: self.handles.clone(),
+            extent,
+            mode: self.mode,
+            taper_angle: self.taper_angle,
+            color: self.color,
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl CadCommand for ExtrudeCommand {
@@ -45,63 +81,170 @@ impl CadCommand for ExtrudeCommand {
     }
     fn prompt(&self) -> String {
         match self.step {
-            ExtrudeStep::Pick => t!("EXTRUDE  Select closed profile (Circle, LwPolyline…):")
-                .into_owned(),
-            ExtrudeStep::Height => t!("EXTRUDE  Height:").into_owned(),
+            ExtrudeStep::Pick => t!("EXTRUDE  Select objects to extrude or [Mode] (Enter to finish):").into_owned(),
+            ExtrudeStep::Mode => t!("EXTRUDE  Creation mode [Solid/Surface]:").into_owned(),
+            ExtrudeStep::Height => t!("EXTRUDE  Specify height or [Direction/Path/Taper angle/Expression]:").into_owned(),
+            ExtrudeStep::DirectionStart => t!("EXTRUDE  Start point of direction:").into_owned(),
+            ExtrudeStep::DirectionEnd => t!("EXTRUDE  End point of direction:").into_owned(),
+            ExtrudeStep::Path => t!("EXTRUDE  Select extrusion path:").into_owned(),
+            ExtrudeStep::Taper => t!("EXTRUDE  Specify taper angle:").into_owned(),
+            ExtrudeStep::Expression => t!("EXTRUDE  Enter height expression:").into_owned(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn options(&self) -> Vec<CmdOption> {
+        match self.step {
+            ExtrudeStep::Pick => vec![CmdOption::new("Mode", "MODE"), CmdOption::enter("Done")],
+            ExtrudeStep::Mode => vec![
+                CmdOption::new("Solid", "SOLID"),
+                CmdOption::new("Surface", "SURFACE"),
+            ],
+            ExtrudeStep::Height => vec![
+                CmdOption::new("Direction", "DIRECTION"),
+                CmdOption::new("Path", "PATH"),
+                CmdOption::new("Taper angle", "TAPER"),
+                CmdOption::new("Expression", "EXPRESSION"),
+            ],
+            _ => Vec::new(),
         }
     }
     fn needs_entity_pick(&self) -> bool {
-        self.step == ExtrudeStep::Pick
+        matches!(self.step, ExtrudeStep::Pick | ExtrudeStep::Path)
     }
     fn entity_pick_uses_surface_point(&self) -> bool {
         true
     }
     fn set_entity_pick_direction(&mut self, direction: Option<DVec3>) {
-        self.direction = direction.and_then(DVec3::try_normalize);
+        if self.step == ExtrudeStep::Pick {
+            self.profile_direction = direction.and_then(DVec3::try_normalize);
+        }
     }
     fn on_entity_pick(&mut self, handle: acadrust::Handle, point: DVec3) -> CmdResult {
         if handle.is_null() {
             return CmdResult::NeedPoint;
         }
-        self.target_handle = handle;
-        self.anchor = point;
-        self.step = ExtrudeStep::Height;
-        CmdResult::NeedPoint
+        match self.step {
+            ExtrudeStep::Pick => {
+                if !self.handles.contains(&handle) {
+                    self.handles.push(handle);
+                    self.anchor = point;
+                }
+                CmdResult::NeedPoint
+            }
+            ExtrudeStep::Path if !self.handles.contains(&handle) => {
+                self.finish(ExtrudeExtent::Path(handle))
+            }
+            _ => CmdResult::NeedPoint,
+        }
     }
     fn on_point(&mut self, pt: DVec3) -> CmdResult {
-        if self.step == ExtrudeStep::Height {
-            let height = self
-                .direction
-                .map(|direction| (pt - self.anchor).dot(direction))
-                .unwrap_or_else(|| pt.distance(self.anchor));
-            if !height.is_finite() || height.abs() <= 1e-6 {
-                return CmdResult::NeedPoint;
+        match self.step {
+            ExtrudeStep::Height => {
+                let height = self
+                    .profile_direction
+                    .map(|direction| (pt - self.anchor).dot(direction))
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| pt.distance(self.anchor));
+                if height.is_finite() && height.abs() > 1e-6 {
+                    self.finish(ExtrudeExtent::Height(height))
+                } else {
+                    CmdResult::NeedPoint
+                }
             }
-            return CmdResult::ExtrudeEntity {
-                handle: self.target_handle,
-                height,
-                color: self.color,
-            };
+            ExtrudeStep::DirectionStart => {
+                self.direction_start = Some(pt);
+                self.step = ExtrudeStep::DirectionEnd;
+                CmdResult::NeedPoint
+            }
+            ExtrudeStep::DirectionEnd => {
+                let direction = pt - self.direction_start.unwrap_or(pt);
+                if direction.is_finite() && direction.length_squared() > 1e-12 {
+                    self.finish(ExtrudeExtent::Direction(direction))
+                } else {
+                    CmdResult::NeedPoint
+                }
+            }
+            _ => CmdResult::NeedPoint,
         }
-        CmdResult::NeedPoint
     }
     fn wants_text_input(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(
+            self.step,
+            ExtrudeStep::Pick
+                | ExtrudeStep::Mode
+                | ExtrudeStep::Height
+                | ExtrudeStep::Taper
+                | ExtrudeStep::Expression
+        )
+    }
+    fn point_step_accepts_keywords(&self) -> bool {
         self.step == ExtrudeStep::Height
     }
     fn on_text_input(&mut self, text: &str) -> Option<CmdResult> {
-        crate::entities::common::parse_typed_length(text)
-            .filter(|&h| h.abs() > 1e-6)
-            .map(|h| CmdResult::ExtrudeEntity {
-                handle: self.target_handle,
-                height: h,
-                color: self.color,
-            })
+        let value = text.trim();
+        match self.step {
+            ExtrudeStep::Pick if "MODE".starts_with(&value.to_ascii_uppercase()) => {
+                self.step = ExtrudeStep::Mode;
+                Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint)
+            }
+            ExtrudeStep::Mode => {
+                let upper = value.to_ascii_uppercase();
+                if "SOLID".starts_with(&upper) {
+                    self.mode = ExtrudeMode::Solid;
+                } else if "SURFACE".starts_with(&upper) {
+                    self.mode = ExtrudeMode::Surface;
+                } else {
+                    return Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint);
+                }
+                self.step = ExtrudeStep::Pick;
+                Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint)
+            }
+            ExtrudeStep::Height => {
+                let upper = value.to_ascii_uppercase();
+                if "DIRECTION".starts_with(&upper) {
+                    self.step = ExtrudeStep::DirectionStart;
+                    return Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint);
+                }
+                if "PATH".starts_with(&upper) {
+                    self.step = ExtrudeStep::Path;
+                    return Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint);
+                }
+                if "TAPER".starts_with(&upper) || "TAPER ANGLE".starts_with(&upper) {
+                    self.step = ExtrudeStep::Taper;
+                    return Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint);
+                }
+                if "EXPRESSION".starts_with(&upper) {
+                    self.step = ExtrudeStep::Expression;
+                    return Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint);
+                }
+                crate::entities::common::parse_typed_length(value)
+                    .filter(|height| height.is_finite() && height.abs() > 1e-6)
+                    .map(|height| self.finish(ExtrudeExtent::Height(height)))
+            }
+            ExtrudeStep::Taper => {
+                let angle = crate::entities::common::parse_angle(value)?;
+                if !angle.is_finite() || angle.abs() >= std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2 {
+                    return Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint);
+                }
+                self.taper_angle = angle;
+                self.step = ExtrudeStep::Height;
+                Some(CmdResult::NeedPoint)
+            }
+            ExtrudeStep::Expression => crate::app::expr_eval::eval_number(value)
+                .filter(|height| height.is_finite() && height.abs() > 1e-6)
+                .map(|height| self.finish(ExtrudeExtent::Height(height))),
+            _ => None,
+        }
     }
     fn on_enter(&mut self) -> CmdResult {
-        CmdResult::Cancel
+        if self.step == ExtrudeStep::Pick && !self.handles.is_empty() {
+            self.step = ExtrudeStep::Height;
+            CmdResult::NeedPoint
+        } else {
+            CmdResult::Cancel
+        }
     }
     fn cursor_axis(&self) -> Option<(DVec3, DVec3)> {
-        (self.step == ExtrudeStep::Height).then_some((self.anchor, self.direction?))
+        (self.step == ExtrudeStep::Height)
+            .then_some((self.anchor, self.profile_direction?))
     }
     fn dyn_spec(&self) -> Option<crate::command::DynSpec> {
         (self.step == ExtrudeStep::Height).then_some(crate::command::DynSpec {
@@ -114,7 +257,7 @@ impl CadCommand for ExtrudeCommand {
         })
     }
     fn dyn_live_value(&self, cursor: DVec3) -> Option<f64> {
-        Some((cursor - self.anchor).dot(self.direction?))
+        Some((cursor - self.anchor).dot(self.profile_direction?))
     }
 }
 
@@ -479,6 +622,24 @@ pub fn empty_solid3d() -> EntityType {
     EntityType::Solid3D(Solid3D::new())
 }
 
+pub fn empty_extruded_surface(direction: DVec3, taper_angle: f64) -> EntityType {
+    use acadrust::entities::{Surface, SurfaceData, SurfaceKind};
+    use acadrust::types::Vector3;
+
+    let mut surface = Surface::new(SurfaceKind::Extruded);
+    if let SurfaceData::Extruded {
+        options,
+        sweep_vector,
+        ..
+    } = &mut surface.surface_data
+    {
+        options.draft_angle = taper_angle;
+        options.is_solid = false;
+        *sweep_vector = Vector3::new(direction.x, direction.y, direction.z);
+    }
+    EntityType::Surface(surface)
+}
+
 // ── Autocomplete registry ─────────────────────────────────
 inventory::submit!(crate::command::CommandRegistration {
     names: &["EXTRUDE", "THICKEN", "PRESSPULL"]

src/scene/convert/solid3d_tess.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use acadrust::entities::acis::{SabReader, SatBody, SatDocument};
-use acadrust::entities::{Body, Region, Solid3D};
+use acadrust::entities::{Body, Region, Solid3D, Surface};
 use cadkernel::brep::{self, Body as KernelBody};
 
 use crate::scene::model::mesh_model::{MeshLodSet, MeshModel};
@@ -156,10 +156,18 @@ fn parse_acis(
 }
 
 pub fn kernel_body(solid: &Solid3D) -> Option<KernelBody> {
+    kernel_acis_body(&solid.acis_data)
+}
+
+pub fn kernel_surface_body(surface: &Surface) -> Option<KernelBody> {
+    kernel_acis_body(&surface.acis_data)
+}
+
+fn kernel_acis_body(acis: &acadrust::entities::AcisData) -> Option<KernelBody> {
     let sat = parse_acis(
-        || solid.parse_sat(),
-        solid.acis_data.is_binary,
-        &solid.acis_data.sab_data,
+        || acis.parse(),
+        acis.is_binary,
+        &acis.sab_data,
     )?;
     let (mut bodies, loss) = cadkernel::acis::lift(&sat);
     if !loss.is_empty() || bodies.len() != 1 {

src/scene/entity.rs

@@ -602,6 +602,9 @@ impl Scene {
                     Some(EntityType::Solid3D(solid)) => {
                         crate::scene::convert::solid3d_tess::kernel_body(solid)
                     }
+                    Some(EntityType::Surface(surface)) => {
+                        crate::scene::convert::solid3d_tess::kernel_surface_body(surface)
+                    }
                     _ => None,
                 })?;
                 Some((handle, body))

src/scene/mod.rs

@@ -2725,12 +2725,21 @@ impl Scene {
         if let Some((mut set, wires, center)) =
             crate::scene::model::solid_model::display_from_solid(&solid, color)
         {
-            if let Some(EntityType::Solid3D(entity)) = self.document.get_entity_mut(handle) {
-                entity.point_of_reference = acadrust::types::Vector3::new(
-                    center[0], center[1], center[2],
-                );
-                entity.wires = wires;
-                entity.silhouettes.clear();
+            if let Some(entity) = self.document.get_entity_mut(handle) {
+                let reference = acadrust::types::Vector3::new(center[0], center[1], center[2]);
+                match entity {
+                    EntityType::Solid3D(entity) => {
+                        entity.point_of_reference = reference;
+                        entity.wires = wires;
+                        entity.silhouettes.clear();
+                    }
+                    EntityType::Surface(entity) => {
+                        entity.point_of_reference = reference;
+                        entity.wires = wires;
+                        entity.silhouettes.clear();
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
             }
             let name = handle.value().to_string();
             for mesh in &mut set.lods {

src/scene/model/solid_history.rs

@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ pub const PROP_BANK: &str = "solid_history_bank";
 pub const PROP_TWIST_ALONG_PATH: &str = "solid_history_twist_along_path";
 pub const PROP_SCALE_ALONG_PATH: &str = "solid_history_scale_along_path";
 pub const PROP_SWEEP_LENGTH: &str = "solid_history_sweep_length";
+pub const PROP_EXTRUSION_HEIGHT: &str = "solid_history_extrusion_height";
+pub const PROP_TAPER_ANGLE: &str = "solid_history_taper_angle";
 pub const PROP_PYRAMID_TYPE: &str = "solid_history_pyramid_type";
 pub const PROP_HISTORY: &str = "solid_history_record";
 pub const PROP_SHOW_HISTORY: &str = "solid_history_show";
@@ -110,6 +112,7 @@ pub fn has_specialized_primitive_properties(
                 | SolidHistoryOperation::Torus(_)
                 | SolidHistoryOperation::Pyramid(_)
                 | SolidHistoryOperation::Sweep(_)
+                | SolidHistoryOperation::Extrusion(_)
         )
     )
 }
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ pub fn reference_point(operation: &SolidHistoryOperation) -> Option<glam::DVec3>
         }
         SolidHistoryOperation::Cone(value) => world_point(value.base.transform, [0.0; 3]),
         SolidHistoryOperation::Cylinder(value) => world_point(value.base.transform, [0.0; 3]),
-        SolidHistoryOperation::Sweep(value) => world_point(
+        SolidHistoryOperation::Sweep(value) | SolidHistoryOperation::Extrusion(value) => world_point(
             value.base.transform,
             [
                 value.reference_point.x,
@@ -139,6 +142,100 @@ pub fn reference_point(operation: &SolidHistoryOperation) -> Option<glam::DVec3>
     }
 }
 
+fn extrusion_properties(
+    document: &acadrust::CadDocument,
+    handle: acadrust::Handle,
+    value: &SolidHistorySweep,
+) -> Vec<PropSection> {
+    let position = world_point(
+        value.base.transform,
+        [
+            value.reference_point.x,
+            value.reference_point.y,
+            value.reference_point.z,
+        ],
+    )
+    .unwrap_or(glam::DVec3::ZERO);
+    let (record_history, object_show_history, show_history_mode) =
+        history_flags(document, handle).unwrap_or((false, false, 1));
+    let (show_history, show_history_editable) =
+        displayed_history_state(object_show_history, show_history_mode);
+    let path_length = sweep_path_length(value);
+    let height_value = path_length.unwrap_or(value.end_draft_distance);
+    let height = if value.path_entity.is_some() {
+        PropValue::ReadOnly(crate::entities::common::format_length(height_value))
+    } else {
+        PropValue::EditText(crate::entities::common::format_length(height_value))
+    };
+    let taper = if value.path_entity.is_some() {
+        PropValue::ReadOnly(crate::entities::common::format_angle(value.draft_angle))
+    } else {
+        PropValue::EditText(crate::entities::common::format_angle(value.draft_angle))
+    };
+    vec![
+        PropSection {
+            title: t!("Geometry").into_owned(),
+            props: vec![
+                Property {
+                    label: t!("Solid type").into_owned(),
+                    field: "solid_history_type",
+                    value: PropValue::ReadOnly(t!("Extrusion").into_owned()),
+                },
+                crate::entities::common::edit_prop(
+                    t!("Position X").as_ref(),
+                    PROP_POSITION_X,
+                    position.x,
+                ),
+                crate::entities::common::edit_prop(
+                    t!("Position Y").as_ref(),
+                    PROP_POSITION_Y,
+                    position.y,
+                ),
+                crate::entities::common::edit_prop(
+                    t!("Position Z").as_ref(),
+                    PROP_POSITION_Z,
+                    position.z,
+                ),
+                Property {
+                    label: t!("Height").into_owned(),
+                    field: PROP_EXTRUSION_HEIGHT,
+                    value: height,
+                },
+                Property {
+                    label: t!("Taper angle").into_owned(),
+                    field: PROP_TAPER_ANGLE,
+                    value: taper,
+                },
+            ],
+        },
+        PropSection {
+            title: t!("Solid History").into_owned(),
+            props: vec![
+                Property {
+                    label: t!("History").into_owned(),
+                    field: PROP_HISTORY,
+                    value: PropValue::Choice {
+                        selected: if record_history { "Record" } else { "None" }.to_string(),
+                        options: vec!["None".to_string(), "Record".to_string()],
+                    },
+                },
+                Property {
+                    label: t!("Show History").into_owned(),
+                    field: PROP_SHOW_HISTORY,
+                    value: if show_history_editable {
+                        PropValue::Choice {
+                            selected: if show_history { "Yes" } else { "No" }.to_string(),
+                            options: vec!["No".to_string(), "Yes".to_string()],
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        PropValue::ReadOnly(if show_history { "Yes" } else { "No" }.to_string())
+                    },
+                },
+            ],
+        },
+    ]
+}
+
 fn sweep_properties(
     document: &acadrust::CadDocument,
     handle: acadrust::Handle,
@@ -889,6 +986,9 @@ pub fn primitive_properties(
         SolidHistoryOperation::Pyramid(value) => pyramid_properties(document, handle, value),
         SolidHistoryOperation::Torus(value) => torus_properties(document, handle, value),
         SolidHistoryOperation::Sweep(value) => sweep_properties(document, handle, value),
+        SolidHistoryOperation::Extrusion(value) => {
+            extrusion_properties(document, handle, value)
+        }
         _ => Vec::new(),
     }
 }
@@ -919,6 +1019,8 @@ pub fn is_primitive_property(field: &str) -> bool {
             | PROP_PROFILE_ROTATION
             | PROP_TWIST_ALONG_PATH
             | PROP_SCALE_ALONG_PATH
+            | PROP_EXTRUSION_HEIGHT
+            | PROP_TAPER_ANGLE
             | PROP_PYRAMID_TYPE
     )
 }
@@ -933,6 +1035,86 @@ pub fn is_specialized_property(field: &str) -> bool {
         || is_history_choice(field)
 }
 
+fn apply_extrusion_geometry_property(
+    value: &mut SolidHistorySweep,
+    field: &str,
+    text: &str,
+) -> Option<bool> {
+    if value.path_entity.is_some()
+        && matches!(field, PROP_EXTRUSION_HEIGHT | PROP_TAPER_ANGLE)
+    {
+        return Some(false);
+    }
+    match field {
+        PROP_POSITION_X | PROP_POSITION_Y | PROP_POSITION_Z => {
+            let axis = match field {
+                PROP_POSITION_X => 0,
+                PROP_POSITION_Y => 1,
+                _ => 2,
+            };
+            let target = crate::entities::common::parse_length(text)?;
+            if !target.is_finite() {
+                return Some(false);
+            }
+            let current = matrix(value.base.transform)?;
+            let reference = current.transform_point3(glam::DVec3::new(
+                value.reference_point.x,
+                value.reference_point.y,
+                value.reference_point.z,
+            ));
+            if !reference.is_finite() || (target - reference[axis]).abs() <= 1e-12 {
+                return Some(false);
+            }
+            let mut delta = glam::DVec3::ZERO;
+            delta[axis] = target - reference[axis];
+            let updated = glam::DMat4::from_translation(delta) * current;
+            if !updated.is_finite() || updated.determinant().abs() <= 1e-12 {
+                return Some(false);
+            }
+            value.base.transform = updated.to_cols_array();
+            Some(true)
+        }
+        PROP_EXTRUSION_HEIGHT => {
+            let height = crate::entities::common::parse_length(text)?;
+            if !height.is_finite() || height.abs() <= 1e-9 {
+                return Some(false);
+            }
+            let direction = glam::DVec3::new(
+                value.direction.x,
+                value.direction.y,
+                value.direction.z,
+            );
+            let Some(unit) = direction.try_normalize() else {
+                return Some(false);
+            };
+            let sign = if height.signum() == value.end_draft_distance.signum() {
+                1.0
+            } else {
+                -1.0
+            };
+            let updated = unit * height.abs() * sign;
+            if (updated - direction).length_squared() <= 1e-24 {
+                return Some(false);
+            }
+            value.direction = acadrust::types::Vector3::new(updated.x, updated.y, updated.z);
+            value.end_draft_distance = height;
+            Some(true)
+        }
+        PROP_TAPER_ANGLE => {
+            let angle = crate::entities::common::parse_angle(text)?;
+            if !angle.is_finite()
+                || angle.abs() >= std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2
+                || (angle - value.draft_angle).abs() <= 1e-12
+            {
+                return Some(false);
+            }
+            value.draft_angle = angle;
+            Some(true)
+        }
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn apply_history_choice(
     document: &mut acadrust::CadDocument,
     handle: acadrust::Handle,
@@ -1362,6 +1544,13 @@ pub fn apply_primitive_property(
             return applied;
         }
     }
+    if let SolidHistoryOperation::Extrusion(extrusion_value) = operation {
+        if let Some(applied) =
+            apply_extrusion_geometry_property(extrusion_value, field, value)
+        {
+            return applied;
+        }
+    }
     if let SolidHistoryOperation::Torus(torus_value) = operation {
         if let Some(applied) = apply_torus_position_property(torus_value, field, value) {
             return applied;

src/scene/model/sweep_model.rs

@@ -32,26 +32,130 @@ pub fn profile_of(entity: &EntityType) -> Option<Profile> {
     if !planar.curve.is_closed() {
         return None;
     }
-    let pieces = match &planar.curve {
-        Curve::Polyline(_) => planar.curve.segments(),
-        Curve::Circle(circle) => quarters(circle.centre, circle.radius),
-        Curve::Arc(arc) => split_arc(*arc),
-        Curve::Ellipse(arc) => split_ellipse(*arc),
-        Curve::Nurbs(curve) => (0..4)
-            .map(|part| {
-                curve
-                    .trimmed(part as f64 / 4.0, (part + 1) as f64 / 4.0)
-                    .map(Curve::Nurbs)
-            })
-            .collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?,
-        _ => return None,
-    };
+    let pieces = profile_pieces(&planar.curve, true)?;
     (pieces.len() >= 3).then_some(Profile {
         plane: planar.plane,
         pieces,
     })
 }
 
+/// An entity-level planar curve suitable for either a solid profile or an
+/// open surface profile.
+pub fn extrusion_profile_of(entity: &EntityType) -> Option<(Profile, bool)> {
+    let planar = entity_curve(entity).or_else(|| planar_polygon_entity(entity))?;
+    let closed = planar.curve.is_closed();
+    let pieces = profile_pieces(&planar.curve, closed)?;
+    (!pieces.is_empty()).then_some((
+        Profile {
+            plane: planar.plane,
+            pieces,
+        },
+        closed,
+    ))
+}
+
+fn profile_pieces(curve: &Curve, closed: bool) -> Option<Vec<Curve>> {
+    let pieces = match curve {
+        Curve::Polyline(_) => curve.segments(),
+        Curve::Circle(circle) => quarters(circle.centre, circle.radius),
+        Curve::Arc(arc) if closed => split_arc(*arc),
+        Curve::Arc(arc) => vec![Curve::Arc(*arc)],
+        Curve::Ellipse(arc) if closed => split_ellipse(*arc),
+        Curve::Ellipse(arc) => vec![Curve::Ellipse(*arc)],
+        Curve::Line(line) => vec![Curve::Line(*line)],
+        Curve::Nurbs(nurbs) if closed => (0..4)
+            .map(|part| {
+                nurbs
+                    .trimmed(part as f64 / 4.0, (part + 1) as f64 / 4.0)
+                    .map(Curve::Nurbs)
+            })
+            .collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?,
+        Curve::Nurbs(nurbs) => vec![Curve::Nurbs(nurbs.clone())],
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    Some(pieces)
+}
+
+fn planar_polygon_entity(entity: &EntityType) -> Option<PlanarCurve> {
+    let (points, closed) = match entity {
+        EntityType::Polyline3D(value) => (
+            value
+                .vertices
+                .iter()
+                .map(|vertex| [vertex.position.x, vertex.position.y, vertex.position.z])
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            value.is_closed(),
+        ),
+        EntityType::Face3D(value) => (
+            value
+                .corners()
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|point| [point.x, point.y, point.z])
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            true,
+        ),
+        EntityType::Solid(value) => (
+            value
+                .boundary_corners()
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|point| [point.x, point.y, point.z])
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            true,
+        ),
+        EntityType::Region(value) => (
+            value
+                .wires
+                .first()?
+                .points
+                .iter()
+                .map(|point| [point.x, point.y, point.z])
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            true,
+        ),
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    let mut points = points;
+    if closed && points.len() > 2 && points.first() == points.last() {
+        points.pop();
+    }
+    if points.len() < if closed { 3 } else { 2 } {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let origin = Vec3::from(points[0]);
+    let first = Vec3::from(points[1]) - origin;
+    let normal = points[2..]
+        .iter()
+        .find_map(|point| first.cross(Vec3::from(*point) - origin).normalize())
+        .or_else(|| {
+            (!closed).then(|| first.cross(Vec3::Z).normalize().unwrap_or(Vec3::Y))
+        })?;
+    let plane = Plane::orthonormal(points[0], first.to_array(), normal.to_array())?;
+    let scale = points
+        .iter()
+        .flatten()
+        .map(|value| value.abs())
+        .fold(1.0_f64, f64::max);
+    if points
+        .iter()
+        .any(|point| !plane.contains(*point, scale * 1e-9))
+    {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let vertices = points
+        .iter()
+        .map(|point| {
+            plane.project(*point).map(|position| cadkernel::geom2d::PolylineVertex {
+                position,
+                bulge: 0.0,
+            })
+        })
+        .collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?;
+    Some(PlanarCurve::new(
+        plane,
+        Curve::Polyline(cadkernel::geom2d::Polyline { vertices, closed }),
+    ))
+}
+
 /// A circle as four arcs.
 fn quarters(centre: [f64; 2], radius: f64) -> Vec<Curve> {
     use std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
@@ -103,13 +207,46 @@ fn split_ellipse(arc: EllipseArc) -> Vec<Curve> {
 pub fn extruded(entity: &EntityType, height: f64) -> Option<Body> {
     let profile = profile_of(entity)?;
     let normal = profile.plane.normal()?;
-    brep::extrude(
-        profile.plane,
-        &profile.pieces,
+    extruded_direction(
+        entity,
         [normal[0] * height, normal[1] * height, normal[2] * height],
+        0.0,
     )
 }
 
+pub fn extruded_direction(
+    entity: &EntityType,
+    direction: [f64; 3],
+    taper_angle: f64,
+) -> Option<Body> {
+    let profile = profile_of(entity)?;
+    brep::extrude_tapered(profile.plane, &profile.pieces, direction, taper_angle)
+}
+
+pub fn extruded_surface(
+    entity: &EntityType,
+    direction: [f64; 3],
+    taper_angle: f64,
+) -> Option<Body> {
+    let (profile, closed) = extrusion_profile_of(entity)?;
+    if closed {
+        brep::extrude_surface_tapered(
+            profile.plane,
+            &profile.pieces,
+            direction,
+            taper_angle,
+        )
+    } else if taper_angle.abs() <= 1e-12 {
+        brep::extrude_surface(profile.plane, &profile.pieces, direction)
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn extruded_along_path(entity: &EntityType, path: &EntityType) -> Option<Body> {
+    swept(entity, path)
+}
+
 /// Signed distance of a drag along a profile's normal.
 pub fn projected_drag(entity: &EntityType, from: glam::DVec3, to: glam::DVec3) -> Option<f64> {
     let normal = entity_curve(entity)?.plane.normal()?;
@@ -142,13 +279,40 @@ pub fn revolved(
 /// SWEEP as an exact B-rep along straight and circular path pieces.
 pub fn swept(profile: &EntityType, path: &EntityType) -> Option<Body> {
     let profile = profile_of(profile)?;
-    let path = entity_curve(path)?;
+    let mut path = entity_curve(path)?;
     let pieces = match &path.curve {
         Curve::Line(line) => vec![Curve::Line(*line)],
         Curve::Arc(arc) => vec![Curve::Arc(*arc)],
+        Curve::Circle(circle) => quarters(circle.centre, circle.radius),
         Curve::Polyline(_) => path.curve.segments(),
+        Curve::Ellipse(_) | Curve::Nurbs(_) => {
+            let scale = path
+                .curve
+                .point_at(0.0)
+                .into_iter()
+                .chain(path.curve.point_at(1.0))
+                .map(f64::abs)
+                .fold(1.0_f64, f64::max);
+            path.curve
+                .tessellate_within(scale * 1e-4)
+                .windows(2)
+                .filter(|pair| pair[0] != pair[1])
+                .map(|pair| Curve::Line(Line {
+                    start: pair[0],
+                    end: pair[1],
+                }))
+                .collect()
+        }
         _ => return None,
     };
+    let profile_center = profile
+        .pieces
+        .iter()
+        .map(|piece| Vec3::from(profile.plane.point_at(piece.point_at(0.0))))
+        .fold(Vec3::ZERO, |sum, point| sum + point)
+        / profile.pieces.len() as f64;
+    let path_start = Vec3::from(path.plane.point_at(path.curve.point_at(0.0)));
+    path.plane.origin = (Vec3::from(path.plane.origin) + profile_center - path_start).to_array();
     brep::sweep_along(profile.plane, &profile.pieces, path.plane, &pieces)
 }
 
@@ -174,7 +338,7 @@ pub enum PolysolidJustification {
     Right,
 }
 
-fn embedded_path(entity: &EntityType) -> Option<EmbeddedEntity> {
+pub fn embedded_path(entity: &EntityType) -> Option<EmbeddedEntity> {
     match entity {
         EntityType::Line(value) => Some(EmbeddedEntity::Line(value.clone())),
         EntityType::Arc(value) => Some(EmbeddedEntity::Arc(value.clone())),
@@ -186,6 +350,98 @@ fn embedded_path(entity: &EntityType) -> Option<EmbeddedEntity> {
     }
 }
 
+fn embedded_planar_entity(entity: &EntityType) -> Option<(EmbeddedEntity, [f64; 16])> {
+    if let Some(embedded) = embedded_path(entity) {
+        return Some((embedded, glam::DMat4::IDENTITY.to_cols_array()));
+    }
+    let (profile, closed) = extrusion_profile_of(entity)?;
+    let mut polyline = LwPolyline::new();
+    for piece in &profile.pieces {
+        let Curve::Line(line) = piece else {
+            return None;
+        };
+        polyline
+            .vertices
+            .push(LwVertex::new(Vector2::new(line.start[0], line.start[1])));
+    }
+    if !closed {
+        let Curve::Line(last) = profile.pieces.last()? else {
+            return None;
+        };
+        polyline
+            .vertices
+            .push(LwVertex::new(Vector2::new(last.end[0], last.end[1])));
+    }
+    polyline.is_closed = closed;
+    let normal = profile.plane.normal()?;
+    let transform = glam::DMat4::from_cols(
+        glam::DVec4::new(
+            profile.plane.x_axis[0],
+            profile.plane.x_axis[1],
+            profile.plane.x_axis[2],
+            0.0,
+        ),
+        glam::DVec4::new(
+            profile.plane.y_axis[0],
+            profile.plane.y_axis[1],
+            profile.plane.y_axis[2],
+            0.0,
+        ),
+        glam::DVec4::new(normal[0], normal[1], normal[2], 0.0),
+        glam::DVec4::new(
+            profile.plane.origin[0],
+            profile.plane.origin[1],
+            profile.plane.origin[2],
+            1.0,
+        ),
+    )
+    .to_cols_array();
+    Some((EmbeddedEntity::LwPolyline(polyline), transform))
+}
+
+pub fn extrusion_history(
+    profile: &EntityType,
+    path: Option<&EntityType>,
+    direction: [f64; 3],
+    taper_angle: f64,
+    reference_point: [f64; 3],
+) -> Option<SolidHistoryOperation> {
+    let signed_height = extrusion_profile_of(profile)
+        .and_then(|(profile, _)| profile.plane.normal())
+        .map(|normal| Vec3::from(direction).dot(Vec3::from(normal)))
+        .filter(|value| value.is_finite())
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| Vec3::from(direction).length());
+    let mut base = SolidHistoryNodeBase::new(1);
+    base.transform = glam::DMat4::IDENTITY.to_cols_array();
+    let (sweep_entity, sweep_entity_transform) = embedded_planar_entity(profile)?;
+    let (path_entity, path_entity_transform) = match path {
+        Some(path) => {
+            let (entity, transform) = embedded_planar_entity(path)?;
+            (Some(entity), transform)
+        }
+        None => (None, glam::DMat4::IDENTITY.to_cols_array()),
+    };
+    Some(SolidHistoryOperation::Extrusion(SolidHistorySweep {
+        base,
+        operation_major: 1,
+        direction: Vector3::new(direction[0], direction[1], direction[2]),
+        sweep_entity: Some(sweep_entity),
+        path_entity,
+        draft_angle: taper_angle,
+        start_draft_distance: 0.0,
+        end_draft_distance: signed_height,
+        scale_factor: 1.0,
+        sweep_entity_transform,
+        path_entity_transform,
+        reference_point: Vector3::new(
+            reference_point[0],
+            reference_point[1],
+            reference_point[2],
+        ),
+        ..SolidHistorySweep::default()
+    }))
+}
+
 /// Builds a history-backed wall solid along a supported planar curve.
 pub fn polysolid(
     entity: &EntityType,